From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Infrequent throughout the state, usually associated with some species of oak.

Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 2

Wetland Indicator Status: FAC

Diagnostic Traits: perennial; basal leaves palmately compound, leaflets 5; bristle-covered fruits in clusters of 3, their styles long; sepals to 5 mm on perfect flowers (0.5-1 mm on staminate flowers), lanceolate to deltoid; anthers bright yellow; male flowers up to 25, pedicels = fruit radius.

Perennial; lvs 3-5-parted, the segments sharply serrate to incised; bractlets small, subscarious; fls greenish-yellow, the fertile on pedicels 0.5-1 mm, the staminate 12-25 per umbellet, surpassed by the frs; sep lanceolate to ovate, obtuse to subacute, ca 0.5 mm, connate to the middle; anthers bright yellow; fr subglobose, 3-5 mm, bristly to the base; styles as in no. 1 [Sanicula marilandica L.]; 2n=16. Woods; N.S. and Que. to Minn. and e. S.D., s. to Fla. and Tex. June-Aug.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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