From Flora of Indiana (1940) by Charles C. Deam

Very local. On gravelly or rocky, wooded slopes, usually bordering streams.

Indiana Coefficient of Conservatism: C = 10

Wetland Indicator Status: N/A

Shrub to 4 m, the young stems glabrous to sparsely pilose, the older ones with gray exfoliating bark; petioles glabrous, 1-5 cm, avg a third as long as the blade, mostly with linear stipules; lvs round-ovate, 5-10 cm, acute, coarsely serrate with 10-20 teeth on a side, all or most deeply cordate, glabrous or sparsely hairy above, thinly hairy beneath at least on the veins; cyme 5-7-rayed, the peduncle 3-5 cm; hypanthium glandular; stylopodium glabrous; fr blue-black, flat-ellipsoid, 8-10 mm; stone flattened, slightly grooved on both sides; 2n=18, 36. Rocky woods and hills; e. Pa.; Ind. to Io., s. to Ky. and Ark. May.

Gleason, Henry A. & Cronquist, Arthur J. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. lxxv + 910 pp.

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